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European Journal of Communication
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Is There a European Public Sphere?

The Berlusconi–Schulz Case

John Downey

Thomas Koenig

Department of Social Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK j.w.downey{at}lboro.ac.uk;t.koenig@lboro.ac.uk

Recently, it has been argued that, despite the absence of European-wide mass media, a European public sphere is emerging, as some issues of European relevance become debated at the same time with the same intensity and with recourse to the structures of meaning throughout the entire European Union. This article examines the media framing of Silvio Berlusconi's controversial address as president of the European Council of Ministers to the European Parliament on 2 July 2003, in which he compared the Social Democrat MEP Martin Schulz to a kapò, an auxiliary concentration camp guard. The data are drawn from six EU countries, the US, Canada and Switzerland and show that while the reporting of the speech do satisfy two of Schlesinger's three criteria for the development of a European public sphere – the existence of a Europe-wide news agenda that is part of everyday media consumption of large audiences across nation-states – the data do not indicate a European transcendence of national public spheres.

Key Words: Berlusconi • European Union • frame analysis • Habermas • public sphere

European Journal of Communication, Vol. 21, No. 2, 165-187 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/0267323105064044
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